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Safety at the Playground or Amusement Park

Pedestrian Injuries: Pedestrian injuries rank third in child fatalities, behind traffic accidents and drownings. The National SAFE KIDS Campaign says children under the age of 10 should cross the street only under the supervision of an adult and that children ages 5 to 9 are at greatest risk for pedestrian death and injury.

Arsenic at the Playground:  In August, 2001, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission began discussions on chromated copper arsenate (CCA). Almost all outdoor wood products are treated with (CCA) (which is 22 percent arsenic) to prevent insect damage and rotting. Arsenic is highly toxic and is known to cause cancer. In April, 2001, University of Florida researchers reported that children playing every day on CCA-treated play equipment could be ingesting five to seven times the arsenic dose considered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as safe. In May, advocacy organizations petitioned the CPSC to ban CCA-treated wood in play equipment. The Environmental Working Group has a kit for testing your deck, play set or deck table and chairs for arsenic.

Amusement Parks Reporting Gap: According to Theme Park Insider, "in the United States, no official source is collecting national incident-based theme park accident data. And in many states, including Florida, theme parks are not required to report accidents involving injury. To anyone."

Amusement rides show a "worrisome trend" toward injuries: A study in the January 2002 edition of the Annals of Emergency Medicine note a "worrisome trend" in the growing number of injuries. According to a press release from the journal, "federal legislation passed in 1981 exempted large, fixed-site amusement parks like Disney World and Six Flags from reporting injuries or undergoing accident investigations by the CPSC. The authors believe this legislation has led to the actual number of injuries per year to be underestimated. During the past 10 years, 15 case reports of life-threatening brain injuries caused by riding roller coasters have been published in the medical literature. Several authors, who presented these reports, commented that giant roller coasters produce enough G forces to cause neurologic injury."

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Tips for Safe Play:

bulletIf your child is scared of a ride or piece of playground equipment, leave your ego out of the equation, and do not force your child to go on it. It is not fun or safe if your child is scared, and fun and safety are the whole point. If your child gets part-way through a ride and wants to get off, make it happen.
bulletBe wary of superfast roller coasters, which are suspected of increased rates of serious injury. Remember, too, that the necks of small children are not able to withstand increased force, sudden whips, or violent rocking the way that adult necks can. If you have doubts, if a family member has doubts, or if your child has doubts, do not let your child ride.
bulletIf your child falls below the height or weight restrictions for a ride, do not let your child go on it. If your child has to struggle onto a piece of playground equipment, or if the child cannot get on and off by himself, do not let him go on it. If the equipment has huge holes in it for climbing and your child's legs are tiny, do not let your child go on it unless you are right there to help.
bulletMore children are injured on home playgrounds than on public ones. Check out these recommendations from the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission for home playground safety.
bulletIf you can go on a ride with your young child, do it. Very young children should ride with an adult, if possible, rather than with a sibling. You can help keep her from being banged or bounced around (or from falling out), and if your child starts to have serious trouble or becomes frightened, you can yell for the ride operator to stop the ride. Sit your child away from the open side, and remember that bars and belts often are insufficient to keep your child from falling out. Many are there just to remind the passenger to stay seated.
bulletMake sure your child knows to hold on tightly, to not stand up until the operator says so, to not unbuckle himself, to not raise his hands over his head, to not try to get off the ride before the operator says so.
bulletWhen dressing your child for the playground or an amusement park, take care with shoes and clothing. Shoes should be a flat-soled close-toed shoe, not flip-flops that can easily fall off or shoes with a high sole that can cause a child to trip. Children should not be wearing necklaces, scarves, dangling belts, undone shoe laces, long-strapped purses, or any other piece of apparel that can become entangled in something or drag on the ground.
bulletWhen out in the sun, make sure your child stays well-hydrated (see our Dehydration page for more), and avoids eating too much candy or fatty food. If your child gets motion sickness, have her lie in the shade and sip cool water or suck on ice. If you're in doubt about your child's well being, get help immediately.
bulletDo not let your children ride or play by themselves, and do not allow children to supervise children. Adult supervision is what's required to prevent children from getting lost, injured, or abducted.

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Don't let your child play while wearing bicycle helmets, scarves or fastened ties: A reader asked us to mention the danger of playing in parks, playgrounds or amusement parks while wearing a bicycle helmet. Had it not been for his quick action, his granddaughter would have choked to death when her bicycle helmet became caught on playground equipment. We extend this warning to scarves, hood strings, ties, and any other material that can become caught. Also never let your young children play in parks without adult supervision. In the case of an accident, quick action might save their lives.

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For More Information (Playground):

bulletKaboom - links communities and corporations to build safe, accessible playgrounds
bullet Environmental Working Group - to order a kit to test your wood deck, play set or deck table and chairs for arsenic
bullet Beyond Pesticides - group that advocates ceasing the sale of arsenic-treated wood for playgrounds
bullet Consumer Federation of America - ussued a June 2002 press release on the multiple health hazards found in a study of 1,037 playgrounds across 36 states and Washington, D.C.
bulletNational Program for Playground Safety
bulletChecklist from the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission - (also contains information in Spanish)
bulletU.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission
bullet KaBoom - promotes safety in backyard playgrounds.
bullet Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh - tips for playground safety
bulletKidsHealth - tips for teaching your child to play safely.
bulletNational SAFE KIDS Campaign - a checklist for playground safety, pedestrian safety
bulletNational Recreation and Park Association
bulletAmerican Academy of Pediatrics - press release warning against trampolines in homes, schools or on playgrounds.
bulletThe World Playground, Parks & Recreation - Products and Services Web Directory (contact a manufacturer)
bulletHow Old is Too Young for Your Child to Be Left Alone?
bulletProtect Your Child From Abductions
bulletKeep yourself and your child well-hydrated at the playground
bullet Boundless Playgrounds - works to build wheelchair friendly playgrounds across America

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For More Information (Amusement Parks and Carnivals):

bulletSaferParks - information and tips for safety at U.S. amusement parks and carnivals
bulletTheme Park Insider
bulletNational Association of Amusement Ride Safety Officials
bulletU.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission - clearinghouse for data on injuries and the safety of portable amusement rides
bulletU.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission - directory of state amusement ride safety officials (this PDF document can direct you to state agencies responsible for regulating amusement rides. (Note: In order to view any PDF file, you will need software called Adobe Acrobat Reader. If you don't have it, you can download it for free here).
bulletAmerican Society for Testing and Materials - engineering standards organization
bullet Amusement Ride Accident Reports and News
bullet Brain Injury Association of America -- studying brain injuries as they relate to amusement park rides
bullet State Fairs and State Fair Fairgrounds - a list of the state fairs
bulletHow Old is Too Young for Your Child to Be Left Alone?
bulletProtect Your Child From Abductions
bulletKeep yourself and your child well-hydrated at the park or carnival

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Safer Child, Inc. is a 501(c)(3) charitable organization with federal tax-exempt status. Please note: 1) External organizations listed herein do not necessarily endorse Safer Child positions, nor do we necessarily endorse theirs. We list them as a courtesy and aren't responsible for their accuracy, completeness or content. 2) We recommend you maintain a healthy skepticism when reviewing information on the Internet; it might appear to be reliable --  yet actually be false, misleading, incomplete, out-of-date and/or intentionally harmful. 3) There might be material on the Internet that you disagree with or find objectionable; preview all sites before viewing them with your child. 4) We are not responsible for external addresses/phone numbers changing without our knowledge. 5) The information and commentary on this site are not substitutes for professional advice from your doctor, lawyer, or mental health professional. 6) Requests for permission to republish, copy and/or distribute any material found on this Web site should be directed to Safer Child, Inc.

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